Valence configuration

The valence configuration can be deduced from the periodic table position.
 
  • All elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons.
     
  • All elements in a group have their valence electrons in the same subshells.
    s1s2s2d1s2d2s2d3s1d5s2d5s2d6s2d7s2d8s1d10s2d10s2p1s2p2s2p3s1p5s2p5s2p6
     1
    H
      
    3Li4Be 5B6C7N8O9F10Ne
    11Na12Mg13Al14Si15P16S17Cl18Ar
    19K20Ca21Sc22Ti23V24Cr25Mn26Fe27Co28Ni29Cu30Zn31Ga32Ge33As34Se35Br36Kr
    37Rb38Sr39Y40Zr41Nb42Mo43Tc44Ru45Rh46Pd47Ag48Cd49In50Sn51Sb52Te53I54Xe
    55Cs56Ba71Lu72Hf73Ta74W75Re76Os77Ir78Pt79Au80Hg81Tl82Pb83Bi84Po85At86Rn
    s-block
    nsx
    x 1, 2
    d-block
    ns2(n-1)dx
    (x is 1- 10)
    p-block
    ns2 npx
    (x is 1-6)

     
  • Elements in s-block have their valence electrons in an s-subshell.
     
  • Elements in p-block have their valence electrons both in an s-subshell (always ns2) and a p-subshell (npx where x is between 1 and 6).  See example below.
     
  • Elements in d-block have their valence electrons both in an s-subshell and a d-subshell (ndx where x is between 1 and 10). See example below.
     
  • For s- and p-orbitals, the shell is the period number (n).
     
  • For d-orbitals, the shell is n-1.
     
Examples:
P 3s23p3 (Group ##RegVar(15)##)     Co 3d74s2 (Group 9)