Nomenclature
- For simple substituted benzenes, just as for non-aromatic compounds, some group names are in the prefix to the stem name, and others appear in the stem of the name. Examples of both are shown below.
Named: substituentbenzene substituent name substituent formula nitro –NO2 bromo –Br chloro –Cl methoxy –OCH3 methyl –CH3 Named: benz(ene)suffix suffix name substituent formula benzeneamine NH2 benzoic acid CO2H benzaldehyde CHO benzenesulfonic acid SO3H
- A few common benzene derivatives use the common names given below.
benzoic acid benzaldehyde phenol
- A phenyl substituent (C6H5–) is benzene minus one hydrogen atom, and is abbreviated Ph.
2-phenylethanol