Acids that are stronger than water give aqueous solutions having higher H3O+ concentration than that in pure water.
Acidic compounds have a polarized E-H bond where the H is more positive atom.
In common acids H is bonded to
Bases that are stronger than water give aqueous solutions having a higher concentration of OH– than that in pure water.
Basic compounds have an atom bearing a nonbonding electron pair.
In common bases that atom is
Acidic compounds have a polarized E-H bond where the H is more positive atom.
In common acids H is bonded to
| halogen (F, Cl, Br or I), or to tetravalent nitrogen (ammonium salts) as shown in (I), or to oxygen which is also bonded to an electron-withdrawing atom or group of atoms as shown in (II) |  |
Bases that are stronger than water give aqueous solutions having a higher concentration of OH– than that in pure water.
Basic compounds have an atom bearing a nonbonding electron pair.
In common bases that atom is
| trivalent nitrogen as in (III) negatively charged C, N, O, S, or F |  |