Kinetics is a study of the factors affecting the rate of a reaction.
The rate of reaction is equal to the change in concentration of a reactant or product divided by the time taken for reaction and the coefficient of the substance in the balanced equation. The negative change in concentration of a reactant is used so that rate is always positive.
| reaction rate = | - Δ[A] | = | - Δ[B] | = | Δ[C] | = | Δ[D] |
| a × Δt | b × Δt | c × Δt | d × Δt |
For aA + bB → cC + dD
A, B, C and D are substances.
a, b, c and d are coefficients.
The
differential rate law is the mathematical relationship between rate and the concentration of substances upon which rate depends.
General form of differential rate law:
rate = k[A]x[B]y.x and y are experimentally determined.
k, the rate constant, is constant for a reaction at a temperature.