Splitting of signals into lines and relative signal areas
1H NMR signals may be split into more than one line by hydrogens on adjacent carbon atoms. The splitting is due to the various orientations of hydrogen nuclei on adjacent carbons with respect to the applied field.
The number of lines into which the signal is split is n+1
Each hydrogen absorbs the same amount of energy. The energy absorbed is proportional to the area under the signal.
Thus the ratio of the areas under various signals corresponds to the ratio of the numbers of hydrogens that give rise to those signals.
In the spectrum above the relative areas under the signals in the above spectrum can be predicted from the formula for the compound.
These can either increase or decrease the strength of the applied magnetic field.
The number of different orientations depends on the number of different hydrogens at the adjacent carbon atoms.
The number of different orientations depends on the number of different hydrogens at the adjacent carbon atoms.
The number of lines into which the signal is split is n+1
where n is the total number of vicinal hydrogens, that is the number of hydrogens on adjacent carbons.
Identify the signal for each set of hydrogens.
Then click/rollover the image to see if your prediction was correct.
Then click/rollover the image to see if your prediction was correct.
Each hydrogen absorbs the same amount of energy. The energy absorbed is proportional to the area under the signal.
Thus the ratio of the areas under various signals corresponds to the ratio of the numbers of hydrogens that give rise to those signals.
In the spectrum above the relative areas under the signals in the above spectrum can be predicted from the formula for the compound.
The ratio of areas for the signals is: pink H to red H to blue H = 3 to 3 to 2