Qualitative analysis (determines the components of a mixture without regard to the amount of each that is present) is used to separate and detect the cations and anions in an aqueous solution.
The flow chart shows how testing with litmus or adding reagents that cause precipitation can be used to determine whether OH
–, CO
32–, SO
42–, Cl
–, NO
3– or I
– is present in an aqueous solution.
