Introduction to metals




lead from wikipedia.com
Three-quarters of elements are metals. Characteristically metals are
shiny
good electrical conductors
ductile (shaped into wires)
malleable (hammered into sheets)
 
While the above properties are characteristic of metals, there is a considerable variation in these properties from metal to metal, and inevitably some metals are more suited to a particular use than others.

It is important,to take into account chemical reactivity of metals toward air and water when choosing a metal for a particular application . A more reactive metal may not be as suitable as a less reactive one.

This activity focuses on the metals that are highlighted in the periodic table on this page.

1 2
  1H 2He
3Li 4Be   5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne
11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
19K 20Ca 21Sc 22Ti 23V 24Cr 25Mn 26Fe 27Co 28Ni 29Cu 30Zn 31Ga 32Ge 33As 34Se 35Br 36Kr
37Rb 38Sr 39Y 40Zr 41Nb 42Mo 43Tc 44Ru 45Rh 46Pd 47Ag 48Cd 49In 50Sn 51Sb 52Te 53I 54Xe
55Cs 56Ba 71Lu 72Hf 73Ta 74W 75Re 76Os 77Ir 78Pt 79Au 80Hg 81Tl 82Pb 83Bi 84Po 85At


Those which are common in everyday life include 
iron (Fe) used in roofing and mixed with other metals in steel
aluminium (Al) used for cooking foil
lead (Pb) used in car batteries
copper (Cu) used in electrical wiring
zinc (Zn) used in galvanising to protect iron from corrosion
magnesium (Mg) used as a mixture with other metals where a light weight metal is required
 
Two of these metals that are too reactive for most applications are
sodium (Na).  This metal is very soft and low melting.
calcium (Ca).  This metal is brittle.