Half life

The half life for a reaction is the time taken for half of a given quantity of reactant to be consumed by the reaction.  

It can be shown that for a first-order reaction,
  • the half life does NOT depend on concentration.
    Therefore the time taken for the concentration to fall from 1 to 0.5 is the same as for it to fall from 0.5 to 0.25.
  • the rate constant can be calculated from the half life.

The relationship between half life and the rate constant for a first order reaction can be derived from the integrated rate equation by substituting for t and [A] as shown below.

ln [A] = –kt 
 [A]0

At t = t1/2, [A] = [A]0/2
ln [A]0/2 = –kt1/2 
 [A]0

Because ln 1/2 is equal to -ln 2, this simplfies to the relationship below. 
t1/2  =   ln 2
k