1H NMR spectra have signals in the range 0 - 12 δ (ppm), relative to the strong signal due to the twelve equivalent hydrogens in (CH3)4Si (tetramethylsilane, abbreviated as TMS) at 0 ppm.
The exact position (chemical shift) of a signal depends on the bonding environment of that hydrogen.
As shown above, hydrogens bonded to
Elements or groups that withdraw electron density from around the hydrogen cause the 1H nucleus to absorb at higher δ (ppm).
The H signal is at higher ppm if X is more electronegative than carbon or is a doubly-bonded atom.
Compare H–C=C with H–C=O.
Compare H–C–C with H–C–O
The exact position (chemical shift) of a signal depends on the bonding environment of that hydrogen.
As shown above, hydrogens bonded to
saturated carbons (H 
) absorb between 0-5 δ.
doubly bonded carbons (H–C=) absorb between 5-12 δ.
) absorb between 0-5 δ.doubly bonded carbons (H–C=) absorb between 5-12 δ.
Elements or groups that withdraw electron density from around the hydrogen cause the 1H nucleus to absorb at higher δ (ppm).
The H signal is at higher ppm if X is more electronegative than carbon or is a doubly-bonded atom.
Compare H–C=C with H–C=O.
Compare H–C–C with H–C–O