You should have learned how to calculate the pH of a solution containing as solute, using the Ka e×pression and the initial concentrations of the members of the conjugate pair.
  • a single substance which is only acidic or only basic OR
  • two substances, an acid and its conjugate base
Ka =
[conjugate base][H3O+]
[acid]

Ka unknown, and [H3O+] (pH) given or
Ka given, and [H3O+] (pH) unknown
Problems have either :

Therefore, to obtain the desired result it is necessary to substitute for [conjugate base] or [acid].

The reasoning used to make these substitutions is outlined on the next page.